Intshayelelo
Kwiinkqubo zale mihla zemizi-mveliso, ukuhamba kolwelo neegesi kumgama omde yimfuneko ebalulekileyo. Ukusuka ekuthuthweni kweoli kunye negesi ukuya kumanzi kamasipala, amashishini axhomekeke kwiinkqubo ezithembekileyo nezisebenzayo zokupompa ukugcina ukuhamba okuqhubekayo. Phakathi kwezi nkqubo, iPump yePipeline idlala indima ephambili.
Impompo yoMbhobho yenzelwe ngokukodwa ukuhambisa ulwelo kwimibhobho kumgama omfutshane okanye omde ngelixa igcina uxinzelelo oluzinzileyo kunye nesantya sokuhamba. Ngokungafaniyo neempompo zenjongo ngokubanzi{{1}, yakhelwe ukusebenza ngokuqhubekayo, ukusebenza kakuhle okuphezulu, kunye nokudityaniswa kuthungelwano lwemibhobho entsonkothileyo.
Njengoko imfuno yehlabathi yamandla, ulawulo lwamanzi, kunye nokusetyenzwa kweekhemikhali kuqhubeka nokukhula, ukubaluleka kobuchwephesha bePipeline Pump kuye kwanda kakhulu. Ngoku licandelo elingundoqo kumashishini afana ne-oyile negesi, ukuveliswa kwamandla, imigodi, ukucocwa kwamanzi, kunye nokuveliswa kweekhemikhali.
Eli nqaku linika ingcaciso epheleleyo malunga nokuba yintoni iMpompo yoMbhobho, isebenza njani, iindidi zayo, iingenelo, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwayo okubanzi kwemizi-mveliso. Ikwanceda abafundi baqonde indlela yokukhetha iMpompo yePipeline efanelekileyo kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo.
1. Yintoni impompo yoMbhobho?
• 1.1 Inkcazo yeMpompo yeMibhobho
Impompo yoMbhobho sisixhobo esisetyenziselwa ukuthutha ulwelo olufana namanzi, i-oyile, igesi, iikhemikhali, okanye uludaka ngenkqubo yemibhobho. Yenzelwe ukugcina ukuqukuqela okuthe gqolo kunye nokoyisa ukuxhathisa okubangelwa kukukhuhlana, utshintsho lokuphakama, kunye{1}}nosasazo lomgama omde.
Ngokungafaniyo -neempompo zesikali ezisetyenziselwa intshukumo yolwelo lwasekhaya, iMpompo yePipeline idityaniswe kuthungelwano lwemibhobho emikhulu kwaye isebenza phantsi kweemeko zoxinzelelo oluphezulu. Iqinisekisa ukuba ulwelo lunokuhamba ngokufanelekileyo ukusuka kwenye indawo ukuya kwenye ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa okukhulu kwamandla.
Kwizicelo zemizi-mveliso, iinkqubo zeMpompo yeMibhobho zihlala zifakwe ngamaxesha athile kunye nemibhobho ukunyusa uxinzelelo kunye nokugcina amazinga okuhamba okuzinzileyo.
• 1.2 Iimpawu eziphambili zeMpompo yoMbhobho
Impompo yoMbhobho yenziwe ngeempawu ezininzi ezibalulekileyo eziyenza ilungele ukusetyenziswa kwimizi-mveliso:
Ukusebenza ngokuSebenzayo okuphezulu
Iinkqubo zeMpompo zeMibhobho ziyilelwe ukunciphisa ilahleko yamandla kunye nokwandisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso, ngakumbi-kuhambo olude.
Ubuchule bokusebenza obuqhubekayo
Zakhelwe ukusebenza kwe-24/7, zizenza zilungele amashishini afuna intshukumo yolwelo olungaphazanyiswa.
Ukukwazi ukuPhatha uxinzelelo olomeleleyo
Iiyunithi zePump yePipeline zinokwenza uxinzelelo oluphezulu lokunqoba ukuxhathisa kwemibhobho kunye nokwahluka kokuphakama.
Ukuhambelana kolwelo olubanzi
Bayakwazi ukuphatha iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zolwelo, kubandakanywa amanzi acocekileyo, i-oyile ekrwada, iikhemikhali, kunye ne-abrasive slurry.
Ukudityaniswa kweNkqubo
Iiyunithi zePump yePipeline zinokudibaniswa kunye neevalvu, izinzwa, kunye neenkqubo ezizenzekelayo zokulawula ukusebenza kakuhle.
• 1.3 Iindidi zeMpompo yeMibhobho
Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zeenkqubo zeMpompo zeMibhobho ezisetyenziswa kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo zamashishini:
Impompo yoMbhobho we-Centrifugal
Olu lolona hlobo lusetyenziswa kakhulu. Isebenzisa i-impeller ejikelezayo ukwandisa isantya solwelo, ukuguqula amandla e-kinetic kumandla oxinzelelo. Ilungele -ulwelo lwe-viscosity olusezantsi njengamanzi kunye neekhemikhali ezilula.
Impompo yoMbhobho woKufuduka oLungileyo
Olu hlobo luhambisa ulwelo ngokubambisa inani elimiselweyo kwaye linyanzeliswe ngombhobho. Ilungele ulwelo oluphezulu-lweviscosity olufana neoyile, isiraphu, okanye udaka.
IMpompo yeMibhobho emininzi
Le mpompo iquka i-impellers ezininzi ezicwangciswe kuthotho. Isetyenziswa{1}kuxinzelelo oluphezulu olufana nonikezelo lwamanzi{2}}umgama omde okanye iinkqubo zebhoyila yeshishini.
2. UMmiselo wokuSebenza weMpompo yeMibhobho
• 2.1 Inkqubo yokuSebenza eSisiseko
Umgaqo wokusebenza wePompu yePipeline isekelwe kukuguqulwa kwamandla. Impompo iguqula amandla oomatshini asuka kwinjini okanye enjini abe ngamandla olwelo lwamanzi, ahambisa ulwelo kumbhobho.
Kwiinkqubo zeMpompo yeMibhobho ye-centrifugal, i-impeller ejikelezayo inyusa ulwelo, inyusa isantya sayo. Ulwelo ke ludlula kwi-diffuser okanye kwi-volute casing, apho amandla esantya aguqulwa abe ngamandla oxinzelelo.
Kwiinkqubo zeMpompo yeMbhobho yokufuduswa okuqinisekileyo, ulwelo luvaleleke ngokwasemzimbeni kwigumbi kwaye lutyhalwa ngoomatshini ngombhobho.
• 2.2 Inkqubo yokuVelisa uxinzelelo
Isakhono seMpompa yoMbhobho ukuvelisa uxinzelelo kubalulekile ekoyiseni ukuxhathisa kwemibhobho.
Ngexesha lokufunxa, ulwelo lungena kwigumbi lokumpompa.
Ngexesha lokunyanzeliswa okanye ukukhawulezisa isigaba, amandla asetyenziswa kulwelo.
Ngethuba lesigaba sokukhupha, i-fluid iqhutyelwa kumbhobho phantsi koxinzelelo oluphezulu.
Lo mjikelo uqhubekayo uqinisekisa izinga lokuhamba okuzinzile nakwiinkqubo zemibhobho emide.
• 2.3 Ulawulo lokuHamba kunye noKwanelekayo
Iinkqubo zale mihla zeMpompo zeMibhobho ziyilwe ngeendlela zokulawula ukuqukuqela okuphambili. Umyinge wokuqukuqela ungalungiswa ngolu hlobo:
Iidrive zesantya eziguquguqukayo (VSD)
Iivalvu zokulawula
Iinkqubo zokubeka iliso ezizenzekelayo
Ukusebenza kakuhle kwamandla yinto ephambili yokuqwalaselwa. Ukusebenza ngokufanelekileyo kwePump yePipeline kunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kombane kunye neendleko zokusebenza ngelixa kugcinwa ukusebenza okuzinzileyo.
• 2.4 Ukudityaniswa kweNkqubo
Impompo yoMbhobho ayifane isebenze yodwa. Iyinxalenye yothungelwano lwemibhobho emikhulu equka:
Iivalvu zolawulo lokuhamba
Iinzwa zoxinzelelo kunye nokubeka iliso lobushushu
Iinkqubo zolawulo lwe-automation
Iimpompo zogcino zokungafuneki
Oku kudityaniswa kuqinisekisa ukusebenza okukhuselekileyo, okusebenzayo, kunye nokuzinzileyo kwiindawo zoshishino.
3. Usetyenziso oluphambili lweMpompo yoMbhobho
• 3.1 Ishishini le-oyile negesi
Esinye sezicelo ezibaluleke kakhulu kwiinkqubo zeMpompo yePipeline kwishishini leoli kunye negesi.
Iiyunithi zeMpompo zoMbhobho zisetyenziselwa:
Ukuthutha i-oyile ekrwada ukusuka kwiindawo zokuhluthwa ukuya kwiindawo zokuhluza
Hambisa imveliso yepetroleum esulungekileyo kuyo yonke imimandla
Ukuxhasa uthungelwano lwegesi yendalo
Ngenxa yokuba imibhobho ye-oyile nerhasi isoloko ihamba kumakhulu okanye amawaka eekhilomitha, izitishi zePompu zePipeline zifakelwa ngamaxesha athile ukugcina uxinzelelo kunye nokuhamba.
3.2 Ubonelelo lwaManzi kunye noNyango
Iinkqubo zeMpompo zeMibhobho zibalulekile kwiinkqubo zamanzi zikamasipala nakwimizi-mveliso.
Izicelo ziquka:
Uthungelwano lonikezelo lwamanzi lweSixeko
Iiprojekthi zokuhanjiswa kwamanzi-ezide
Iindawo zokucocwa kwamanzi amdaka kunye nogutyulo
Kwezi nkqubo, iiyunithi zeMpompo zeMibhobho ziqinisekisa ukuba amanzi acocekileyo afikelela kumakhaya nakwimizi-mveliso ngeli lixa zikwaxhasa ukusetyenzwa kakuhle kwamanzi amdaka.
• 3.3 Ishishini leMichiza
Ishishini lemichiza lifuna ukuphatha ulwelo oluchanekileyo nolukhuselekileyo. Iinkqubo zeMpompo zeMibhobho zisetyenziselwa ukuthutha:
Iiasidi kunye ne-alkalis
Izinyibilikisi zamashishini
Iikhemikhali ezonakalisayo
Izinto ezikhethekileyo ezifana nentsimbi engatyiwa okanye i-corrosion{0}}i-alloys enganyangekiyo isoloko isetyenziswa kulwakhiwo lwePump yePipeline ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko kunye nokuqina.
• 3.4 UThutho lweMigodi noLudaka
Kwimisebenzi yemigodi, iinkqubo zeMpompo yeMibhobho zisetyenziselwa ukuthutha uludaka, oluxutywe namanzi kunye namasuntswana aqinileyo afana nentsimbi, isanti, okanye amalahle.
Iinzuzo eziphambili ziquka:
Ukukwazi ukuphatha izinto ezinqabileyo
Ukuncipha kwesidingo sothutho lwelori
Ukuthutha izinto eziqhubekayo kwimigama emide
Oku kuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwaye kunciphisa impembelelo yokusingqongileyo.
• 3.5 iCandelo laMandla kunye nezaMandla
Iinkqubo zeMpompo zeMibhobho zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwizityalo zamandla kunye nezibonelelo zamandla.
Izicelo ziquka:
Iinkqubo zokujikeleza kwamanzi okupholisa
Unikezelo lwamanzi lwebhoyila yamanzi
Iinkqubo zothutho lwamafutha
Ukusebenza kweMpompo okuthembekileyo kubaluleke kakhulu ekuveliseni amandla, apho ukusilela kwenkqubo kunokukhokelela ekunciphiseni okukhulu kwexesha kunye nelahleko yemali.
4. Izinto eziluncedo zokuSebenzisa iMpompo yoMbhobho
• 4.1 UkuSebenza okuPhezulu kunye nokongiwa koMbane
Iinkqubo zeMpompo zeMibhobho zanamhlanje ziyilelwe ukusetyenziswa kwamandla. Ngokunciphisa ilahleko ye-friction kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-hydraulic, banceda ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kombane kunye neendleko zokusebenza.
• 4.2 Ukusebenza okuZinzileyo nokuQolekileyo
Iinkqubo zeMpompo zeMibhobho zenzelwe imijikelo yomsebenzi oqhubekayo. Oku kubenza bafaneleke kumashishini afuna ukuhamba kwamanzi okungaphazamisekiyo, njengezinto zokucoca ioli kunye neenkqubo zokubonelela ngamanzi.
• 4.3 Ukuziqhelanisa neeFluids ezahlukeneyo
Enye yezona zinto ziluncedo kwitekhnoloji yePipeline Pump kukukwazi kwayo ukuphatha uluhlu olubanzi lolwelo, kubandakanya:
Amanzi acocekileyo
Iioli zeViscous
Iikhemikhali ezonakalisayo
Imixube eludaka
Oku bhetyebhetye kuyenza isebenze ngokubanzi kuwo wonke amashishini.
• 4.4 Isondlo esiPhantsi kunye nobomi beNkonzo ende
Iinkqubo zeMpompo zoMbhobho{0} ezikumgangatho ophezulu ziyilwe ngezinto ezomeleleyo kunye nolwakhiwo oluqinileyo. Oku kunciphisa ukugcinwa rhoqo kwaye kwandise ubomi bokusebenza, ukuphucula imbuyekezo kutyalo-mali.
5. Imiba yokuKhetha iMpompo yoMbhobho
Ukukhetha iMpompo yePipeline efanelekileyo ibalulekile ekusebenzeni kwenkqubo. Ziliqela izinto ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe:
• 5.1 Iqondo lokuHamba kunye neeMfuno zoxinzelelo
Impompo kufuneka ihambelane nesantya sokuhamba esifunekayo kunye noxinzelelo lokukhupha. Iimpompo ezigqithisiweyo okanye ezincinci zingakhokelela ekungasebenzi kakuhle kunye nomonakalo wenkqubo.
• 5.2 Iimpawu zeFluid
Iimpawu zolwelo ezibalulekileyo ziquka:
Viscosity
Ubushushu
Ukonakala
Umxholo oqinileyo
Ezi zinto zimisela uhlobo lweMpompo yePipeline efunekayo.
• 5.3 UKhetho lweMathiriyeli
Iimathiriyeli zeMpompo yoMbhobho kufuneka zihambelane nendawo yesicelo:
Intsimbi yokuphosa kwiinkqubo zamanzi ngokubanzi
Intsimbi engatyiwayo yolwelo oludlekayo
Ii-alloys ezikhethekileyo zokulungiswa kweekhemikhali
• 5.4 UkuSebenza koMbane kunye neendleko
Ukusetyenziswa kwamandla yindleko enkulu yokusebenza. Ukukhetha iMpompo yoMbhobho esebenzayo yehlisa{1}}inkcitho yexesha elide kwaye iphucula uzinzo.
Ukuqukumbela
IMpompo yoMbhobho licandelo elibalulekileyo kwiinkqubo zale mihla zothutho lwamanzi kwimizi-mveliso. Ivumela intshukumo esebenzayo, eqhubekayo, nethembekileyo yolwelo kunye neegesi kwimibhobho yobude obahlukeneyo kunye nobunzima.
Ukuqonda umgaqo wayo wokusebenza kunceda amashishini ukuba akhethe izixhobo ezifanelekileyo kwiimfuno zabo ezithile. Ukusuka kwimibhobho yeoli kunye negesi ukuya kunyango lwamanzi kunye nokulungiswa kweekhemikhali, iinkqubo zeMpompo yePipeline zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuqinisekiseni ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokuzinza kwenkqubo.
Ngokuhambela phambili kwezobuchwephesha, izisombululo zePipeline Pump zangoku ziba namandla-okusebenza ngokufanelekileyo, okomelela, kunye nobukrelekrele. Ukukhetha isixokelelwano esilungileyo akuphuculi nje ukusebenza kuphela kodwa kunciphisa iindleko zogcino kunye nokwandisa imveliso yexesha elide{2}.
Kwilizwe lemizi-mveliso lanamhlanje, iPipeline Pump ayisosixhobo somatshini kuphela{0}}ngumqolo wesiseko esixhasa amandla ehlabathi, amanzi, kunye nothungelwano lonikezelo lwemizi-mveliso.